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Just three minutes of sprinting may produce a molecular response that looks very different from what happens after 90 minutes of moderate exercise. Researchers at Rockefeller University compared how the body responds to exercise performed at different intensities. They found that six 30-second, all-out sprints changed nearly one-quarter of the…
Researchers in Japan have captured an extraordinarily fast electronic transformation inside a metal-organic framework, observing a fleeting state and the hidden state that followed within just 30 femtoseconds. The team from Science Tokyo, Tohoku University, and Nagoya Institute of Technology combined ultrafast laser spectroscopy with theoretical calculations to uncover a…
Researchers at McMaster University have uncovered an unexpected role for a naturally occurring hormone already known for reducing appetite and supporting weight loss. The hormone appears to protect the liver from inflammation through a previously unknown signaling pathway, a finding that could point toward new approaches for treating advanced fatty…
Vaccines prevent serious illness for many people, but the immune protection they produce can differ substantially from one person to another. New research led by Arizona State University offers clues about what may be behind those differences. The immune system may show signs of how strongly it will react even…
For as long as people have traveled by sea, ships have needed protection from water, salt, microorganisms, and marine animals such as worms. Yet until the mid-20th century, researchers paid relatively little attention to the non-wood materials used in ancient shipbuilding. Waterproofing materials in particular remain understudied. A new study…
People who participate in colorectal cancer screening may face as much as a 43 percent lower risk of dying from the disease, according to new estimates published in JAMA Network Open by researchers at Karolinska Institutet and Umeå University in Sweden. The findings draw on as many as 14 years…
Researchers at Monash University have predicted an unusual new form of quantum matter that could overturn long-held assumptions about how ultracold particles behave. Their calculations suggest that, under the right conditions, two fundamentally different classes of quantum particles — bosons and fermions — can combine to create stable, self-bound “quantum…
A decades-old puzzle in nuclear physics has centered on a strange question: why do some atomic nuclei release more low-energy gamma rays than scientists expect? A new study led by the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), with researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), may provide the answer. Published…
Scientists have uncovered evidence that an enormous ancient cliff system may have helped expose the deepest rocks of the Grand Canyon nearly a billion years before the Colorado River began carving the landscape seen today. Led by researchers at the University of Southampton in the UK, the new study suggests…
More than 450 million years ago, long before dinosaurs appeared and before animals or plants had spread widely across dry land, crinoids were already thriving in some of Earth’s earliest coral reefs. These ancient relatives of starfish looked somewhat like flowers growing on stalks beneath the sea. Crinoid fossils give…
New Northwestern Medicine research published in Nature Communications suggests that a substance produced when gut bacteria digest dietary fiber may leave a durable molecular mark on cells lining the intestine. That imprint appears to promote immune tolerance and may help protect against inflammatory bowel disease-like conditions even after exposure to…
For decades, medications for obesity typically delivered only modest reductions in body weight. That changed with the arrival of Ozempic and other GLP-1 therapies, which can produce sustained weight loss of 10 to 15% or more. Yet despite their remarkable effectiveness, scientists still do not fully understand what these medications…
Knee pain is a familiar problem for many people, particularly as they get older. Although persistent knee discomfort can have many causes, osteoarthritis is one of the most common. Knee osteoarthritis develops as the cartilage that cushions the bones in the joint gradually breaks down. Healthy cartilage allows the knee…
Researchers, including a Rutgers professor, have gained a clearer view of the biological changes associated with schizophrenia by directly measuring synaptic connections in the living human brain. The team used specialized positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to examine these crucial points of communication between brain cells. The study, published in…
New research from Monash University suggests that recent discoveries about human evolution are challenging the traditional system scientists use to name and classify our ancestors. The research, published in the American Journal of Biological Anthropology, calls for a major reconsideration of human taxonomy. It proposes placing all human species and…
Groundwater reserves beneath High Mountain Asia (HMA), often called the “Asian Water Tower,” are shrinking at an alarming pace, according to a new satellite-based study. The region provides water that supports farming, cities, and ecosystems across more than a dozen downstream countries, making it a critical resource for hundreds of…
Diamond is famous for its beauty, but its value extends far beyond jewelry. This exceptionally hard form of carbon is used to make the tiny capsules that hold fuel in inertial confinement fusion experiments. Scientists also think diamonds may form and fall like rain far beneath the surfaces of ice…
Between Aug. 11 and 12, NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) photographed a newly formed crater on the Moon. The crater appeared after a SpaceX Falcon 9 upper stage struck the lunar surface on Aug. 5. The rocket stage had previously launched in January 2025 as part of the Firefly Blue…
Last week’s total solar eclipse offered more than a spectacular view. It also produced an unusual atmospheric effect that gave the Sun’s outer atmosphere a striking golden appearance. During a total solar eclipse, the Moon completely blocks the bright disk of the Sun, making the much fainter solar corona visible.…
Women are diagnosed with autoimmune diseases far more often than men, and new research from the Garvan Institute of Medical Research and UNSW Sydney may help explain why. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly targets the body’s own healthy tissues. Lupus, for example, can affect as many as…
Researchers at the University of Essex have developed microscopic medicines that could pave the way for new approaches to treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and motor neurone disease (MND). Working with an international team, the scientists used artificial intelligence to create extremely small antibody fragments that can be…
A glass of ice water offers a familiar example of two phases existing at the same time. The same substance can appear as both liquid water and solid ice. In certain quantum materials, different phases can also coexist, although the underlying behavior is far more complex. MIT physicists have now…
The human brain is continuously processing enormous amounts of information. Even something as familiar as driving requires several mental tasks at once. The brain must remember the route, recall how to control the vehicle, and respond to unexpected developments such as a road closure or shifting traffic conditions. A brain…
A mother’s age can influence the physical traits and behavior of her offspring in humans and across many other animal species. Researchers refer to these changes as maternal age effects. Although the phenomenon is common throughout the animal kingdom, scientists are still working to understand the biological processes underlying it…
Coffee is consumed around the world every day, and earlier research has associated coffee drinking with a reduced risk of conditions including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Scientists still do not fully understand the biological processes that might explain those connections. Now, new research from Finland suggests that regular…
Cancer immunotherapy has dramatically changed how doctors treat many forms of cancer, yet pancreatic cancer has remained particularly resistant to these advances. A major obstacle is the environment that develops around pancreatic tumors. These tumors often create a “cold” tumor microenvironment that blocks immune cells from launching an effective attack.…
What counts as heat, and what qualifies as useful work when a machine is made from only an atom and particles of light? In emerging quantum technologies, questions like this bring together two branches of physics that were developed for very different purposes. Researchers at the University of Basel in…
New research led by the University of Oxford has uncovered an unexpected ability in bees. They can change how much they eat depending on the balance of essential amino acids in their food. This feeding behavior may protect them from consuming excessive amounts of certain amino acids when pollen does…
More than 10 million years ago, South America was home to an ecosystem filled with enormous animals and formidable predators. During the Miocene, a geological period that lasted for millions of years, a vast lake covered a large portion of the continent. Its waters supported giant turtles and crocodylians, while…
The Theban Necropolis, located across the Nile from Luxor, contains more than 400 tombs. In a new study published in Frontiers in Environmental Archaeology, researchers in Spain took a closer look at chamber three inside tomb TT 209 to understand how the burial space changed over time. The tomb was…